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What is the maximum number of physical sockets and cores that Windows Server 2008 R2 supports? 

With the availability of processors that now have many CPUs, there are physical processors (or sockets) and logical processors (cores on a processor). With logical processors, hyper-threading, if it's used, can double the number of logical processors.
Windows Server 2008 R2 supports a varying number of sockets based on the edition:
  • Windows Server 2008 R2 Web and Standard support four sockets.
  • Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise supports eight sockets.
  • Windows Server 2008 R2 Datacenter supports 64 sockets.
The maximum number of logical processors supported is 256. However, remember Hyper-V only uses up to 64 logical processors.
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard Edition = 4
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 HPC Edition = 4
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Web Edition = 4
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise Edition = 8
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What is Hotfix...?
A hotfix is code (sometimes called a patch) that fixes a bug in a product. Users of the products may be notified by e-mail or obtain information about current hotfixes at a software vendor's Web site and download the hotfixes they wish to apply. Hotfixes are sometimes packaged as a set of fixes called a combined hotfix or a service pack.
Quick fix engineering (QFE) is a newer Microsoft term for a hotfix.
What is Patch..?
A patch (sometimes called a "fix") is a quick-repair job for a piece of programming. During a software product's beta test distribution or try-out period and later after the product is formally released, problems (called bug) will almost invariably be found. A patch is the immediate solution that is provided to users; it can sometimes be downloaded from the software maker's Web site. The patch is not necessarily the best solution for the problem and the product developers often find a better solution to provide when they package the product for its next release.
A patch is usually developed and distributed as a replacement for or an insertion in compiled code (that is, in a binary file or object module). In larger operating systems, a special program is provided to manage and keep track of the installation of patches.
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Is Hyper-V a Type-1 or Type-2..?
When Hyper-V runs as a role on Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2 it's still and hypervisor.
It is type 1 (bare metal) in both cases.
The trick here is that when you install Hyper-V as a role on Windows Server 2008 R2 you see the Windows Server like a host OS and it is not. The setup converts the original OS in something like a VM and puts the hypervisor below. This is what is called the root or parent partition of Hyper-V. That's why you experience the same sped in what you see as the "real machine" and the virtual machines

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